Configure TLS certificates

TLS is configured in elasticsearch.yml. There are two main configuration sections: transport layer and REST layer. TLS is optional for the REST layer and mandatory for the transport layer.

You can find an example configuration template with all options on GitHub.

Table of contents

1. X.509 PEM certificates and PKCS #8 keys
   1. Transport layer TLS
   2. REST layer TLS
2. Keystore and truststore files
   1. Transport layer TLS
   2. REST layer TLS
3. Configure node certificates
4. Configure admin certificates
5. OpenSSL
6. (Advanced) Hostname verification and DNS lookup
7. (Advanced) Client authentication
8. (Advanced) Enabled ciphers and protocols
   1. Example settings
9. (Advanced) Disable client initiated renegotiation for Java 8

X.509 PEM certificates and PKCS #8 keys

The following tables contain the settings you can use to configure the location of your PEM certificates and private keys.

Transport layer TLS

REST layer TLS

Keystore and truststore files

As an alternative to certificates and private keys in PEM format, you can instead use keystore and truststore files in JKS or PKCS12/PFX format. The following settings configure the location and password of your keystore and truststore files. If desired, you can use different keystore and truststore files for the REST and the transport layer.

Transport layer TLS

REST layer TLS

Configure node certificates

The Security plugin needs to identify inter-cluster requests (i.e. requests between the nodes). The simplest way of configuring node certificates is to list the Distinguished Names (DNs) of these certificates in elasticsearch.yml. The Security plugin supports wildcards and regular expressions:

opendistro_security.nodes_dn:
  - 'CN=node.other.com,OU=SSL,O=Test,L=Test,C=DE'
  - 'CN=*.example.com,OU=SSL,O=Test,L=Test,C=DE'
  - 'CN=elk-devcluster*'
  - '/CN=.*regex/'

If your node certificates have an OID identifier in the SAN section, you can omit this configuration.

Configure admin certificates

Admin certificates are regular client certificates that have elevated rights to perform administrative tasks. You need an admin certificate to change the the Security plugin configuration using plugins/opendistro_security/tools/securityadmin.sh or the REST API. Admin certificates are configured in elasticsearch.yml by stating their DN(s):

opendistro_security.authcz.admin_dn:
  - CN=admin,OU=SSL,O=Test,L=Test,C=DE

For security reasons, you cannot use wildcards nor regular expressions here.

OpenSSL

The Security plugin supports OpenSSL. We recommend OpenSSL in production for enhanced performance and a wider range of modern cipher suites. In order to use OpenSSL, you need to install OpenSSL, the Apache Portable Runtime, and a Netty version with OpenSSL support matching your platform on all nodes.

If OpenSSL is enabled, but for one reason or another the installation does not work, the Security plugin falls back to the Java JCE as the security engine.

1. Install OpenSSL 1.1.0 on every node.
2. Install Apache Portable Runtime on every node:

  sudo yum install apr

1. Download netty-tcnative for RPM-based distributions (_linux-x86_64-fedora.jar_) and place it into plugins/opendistro_security/ on every node.

(Advanced) Hostname verification and DNS lookup

In addition to verifying the TLS certificates against the root CA and/or intermediate CA(s), the Security plugin can apply additional checks on the transport layer.

With enforce_hostname_verification enabled, the Security plugin verifies that the hostname of the communication partner matches the hostname in the certificate. The hostname is taken from the subject or SAN entries of your certificate. For example, if the hostname of your node is node-0.example.com, then the hostname in the TLS certificate has to be set to node-0.example.com, as well. Otherwise, errors are thrown:

[ERROR][c.a.o.s.s.t.OpenDistroSecuritySSLNettyTransport] [WX6omJY] SSL Problem No name matching <hostname> found
[ERROR][c.a.o.s.s.t.OpenDistroSecuritySSLNettyTransport] [WX6omJY] SSL Problem Received fatal alert: certificate_unknown

In addition, when resolve_hostnames is enabled, the Security plugin resolves the (verified) hostname against your DNS. If the hostname does not resolve, errors are thrown:

(Advanced) Client authentication

With TLS client authentication enabled, REST clients can send a TLS certificate with the HTTP request to provide identity information to the Security plugin. There are three main usage scenarios for TLS client authentication:

• Providing an admin certificate when using the REST management API.
• Configuring roles and permissions based on a client certificate.
• Providing identity information for tools like Kibana, Logstash or Beats.

TLS client authentication has three modes:

• NONE: The Security plugin does not accept TLS client certificates. If one is sent, it is discarded.
• OPTIONAL: The Security plugin accepts TLS client certificates if they are sent, but does not require them.
• REQUIRE: The Security plugin only accepts REST requests when a valid client TLS certificate is sent.

For the REST management API, the client authentication modes has to be OPTIONAL at a minimum.

You can configure the client authentication mode by using the following setting:

(Advanced) Enabled ciphers and protocols

You can limit the allowed ciphers and TLS protocols for the REST layer. For example, you can only allow strong ciphers and limit the TLS versions to the most recent ones.

If this setting is not enabled, the ciphers and TLS versions are negotiated between the browser and the Security plugin automatically, which in some cases can lead to a weaker cipher suite being used. You can configure the ciphers and protocols using the following settings.

Example settings

opendistro_security.ssl.http.enabled_ciphers:
  - "TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA"
  - "TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256"
opendistro_security.ssl.http.enabled_protocols:
  - "TLSv1.1"
  - "TLSv1.2"

Because it is insecure, the Security plugin disables TLSv1 by default. If you need to use TLSv1 and accept the risks, you can still enable it:

opendistro_security.ssl.http.enabled_protocols:
  - "TLSv1"
  - "TLSv1.1"
  - "TLSv1.2"

(Advanced) Disable client initiated renegotiation for Java 8

Set -Djdk.tls.rejectClientInitiatedRenegotiation=true to disable secure client initiated renegotiation, which is enabled by default. This can be set via ES_JAVA_OPTS in config/jvm.options.